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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

H. GRELLIER.

SEWING MAGHINE. No. 300,598. Patented June 17, 1884.

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

H. GRELMER.

SEWING MACHINE. No. 300,598. Patented June 17, 1884.

MM50?, .ZW/W62@ 27 fenry 576335156521 N. Plums. Pxmwnuwsmnm, wam-.gam na 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

H. GRELLIER.

SEWING MAGHINE.

No. 300,598. Patented June 17, 1884.

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HENRY GRELLUGR, OF BRIXTON, COUNTY OF SUlll-llY, lGGLAl-ND.

SEWlNG-MACHIN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 300,598, dated .Tune17, 1884- Applicaiion filed November 7, 1883. (No model.)

Patented in England August 2:5, 1835i, No. 4.159.

1883,) of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a construction and arrangement o l those partsof a sewing-inaehine which deal with the thread below the table, so asto make lock-stitches. employing an ordinary reel or spool for the underthread, or to make chain-stitches without an under thread, or to makeseveral kinds of compound look-and-ehaiu stitehes, at the will oi' theoperator. For this purpose I provide, instead ofthedisk-shapedspool-case, suoh as is used in sewingmaohiues of the Nheelerdi W'ilson kind, a spool-ease approximately spherical in shape, whichcan be taken apart in halves, so as to introduce into it a reel or spoolof thread. This thread is passed through suitable guide-eyes andtensiongnides in the spool-ease, and issues through a hole at its upperpart adjoining another hole, into which descends the needle. At the sideof this latter hole there is a projecting undercut point, and arevolving hook is made to pass over this point, so as to seize the loopof the needle-thread and vcarry the loop round the spoolcase while theloop is still held by the point until a recessed part ol" the revolvinghook comes round and permits the loop to draw oft' the said point. Thus,at every stroke of the needle the lower or spool thread is engaged inthe loop of the needle-thread, making a. lockstiteh. In order to keepthe loop which is in its passage over the spool-case clear of the nextstitch, the said ease is made with a protuberanee, chiefly on its upperfront side, so as to ill ont the loop. To prevent t-he spoolcase fromturning, round or projections on a lever which is worked by a camalternatel;T engage in notches of tliespool-case,these horns being movedaside to allow the loops ol' needlethread to pass. rlhe spool-ease isheld in position byan equatorial rim enit engaged in a lgroove in theCylindrical easing which carriesv the hook. \Vhen it is desired to makesimple chain-stitches, the lower thread is dispensed with, and acatelrhook is slid forward under the table into such a position as toretain the loop oi the needle-tln'ead,w1th which the revolving hookengages it, until the needie at its next descent passes through theloop. A compoundloek-andehain stitch can be made by retaining the underthreai'hwhile the Catch above mentioned is in usel for ci'ieeting theeliaiirstiteh; also, the spool-ease may have placed in it two reels orspools ol thread, one above the other, and these threads, suitablyguided, constitute double under threads for leek-stitches; or they mayhe used alongwith a eat-eh iixed on the spoolease, so as to make astitch compounded ol' ehainstitch with donbleloek-stitch.Chainsiiiclieswithatwist in eaeh stiteh can also he made hy modifyingpart of the revolving hook, so that the needle is made to 'pass throughthe previous loop before becomes rmtwistcd.

flu the aeeompanying drawings .ll show those parte oi a sowingniachinowhich embody my improvements, omitting parts to which my invention doesnot relnte-sueh as the inode of working the needle and oi' 'feeding thefabricit being understood that these operations may be effected by theusual mechanism, and that the 'i'ahrie is i'cd in a direction oppositeto that in which the revolving hook moves in the upper part of itsrevolution.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal. sectional view taken in thcplaneofthe needleN, showing the apparatus :recording to my invention, which is ar angedunder the cloth-table T. Fig. 2 is aplan of the apparatus, thecloth-table being supposed to he removed, so as to show the mechanismunder it. Fig. 3 is an elevation on the lineI X X, looking toward theleft. Fig. 4 is an elevation taken on the line Y Y, looking toward theright, the lower portion of the lever 'Il heing omitted Forgreater'elearness; hig. 5, a vertical see-tion on lineZ Z, looking tothe left. Fig. o isa horizontal seetional view ol' the spool-case. Fig.7 is a plan ofthe lower partol' the meehanism shown in Fig. i). Figs. Sto l5, inelusive, are detail views, which will he hereinafter referredto. Fig. lo is a view similar to Fig. l, hut with the parts in properposition ior the removal of the spool-ease i'ronrthe hook or itsinsertion therein. Fig. 17 is n perspective View -ot` the spool-ease;and Fig. `t8 is a similar view,

with the two parts ot" said case detached from each other.

In this apparatus an ordinary cotton reel or spool, li, is containedwithin a hollow spoolcase, which is made to take apart for admission ot'the spool, and therefore consists of a lower part, S, and an upper part,S. To the `upper part, S, is attached in any suitable inanner, as bysoldering or otherwise, a tube, i', which passes down the center ot' thespool It and into a recessed hole in the bottom of S, in which it .isheld with n. certain tightness by bulging the end ot the tube andsplitting it some distance inward, so that it is sprung into its place,the bulge ofthe tube engaging in the recess ofthe hole. rlhe upper part,S', ot' the spool has also on its front side two prongs, r1", Figs. et,5, and 1S, with a slit between them projecting downward into a recessednotch ot' the lower part, S, and these prongs are swelled a little attheir lower ends, so that they have to be sprung into their seat whenthe upper part, S', is pushed onto th'e lower part, S. rlhe two parts Sand S', when put together with the spool hinside, constitute thespool-case, which remains stationary during the working ofthe machine,and this spool-case is so shaped as to present in :its middle aneipiatorial rim or ridge, s, having its edge in a vertical plane nearlycoincit'ling with, but a little in front ol", that ot' the needle N, andofthe center ol' the rcel-tube r, down into which the point ot' theneedle descends at each downstroke. This rim terminates at the side ofthe needle-hole with a point, s, Figs. 2, l7, and 1S, slightly undercut,so as to forni a hook. spool- :ase are suitable guide-eyes, by which thethread from the spool llt is led up. through a slit at the top, so as tolic in the line with, but a `little in Al'ront oi', the needle N. whenit descends. lhe tension el" the spool -thread can be increased byrowing down from the top a piece, j), so as to bend the thread over apin, p. The terms front and rear as herein used ine-an to the lett andright, respectively, in Figs. l and 2. .ln the axial line of theequatorial rim s ot' the spool-ease is mounted a spindle or shaft, A,which is con nccted to the other moving parts ol' the sewing-machine byany convenient gear, so as to revolve unil'brm'ly with the shaft orspindle that works the needle, and therefore to make one revolution.while the needle N makes an up and a down stroke.

' On the shalt A, is fixed a disk, l5, on which .is fitted the shell l'lol' the revolving hook, so as to revolve with the disk lS. Fig. S is adeveloped plan of the shell lll as it would appear if it were eut across'at the Apart which is shown highest in Fig. 1l. and were -flattenedout. lt is hinged to the disk B by a hinge at h, and held in position onthe disk by a spring-latch at h entering a hole in the disk l5. Bypressing a stud, 71?, projecting up from the spring of h', the catch canbe released, and the shell can be l'olded down to lie on a stop, h,which NVithin theV may be iixed to any part ol" the machine. In order togive access-to the parts below, the part t indicatet'l by dotted linesin Fig. 2) of the cloth-table T is fitted to slide transversely, andanother part, l/, is iittcd to slide longitudinally. On a bracketattached to t is mounted a lever, L, which has along arm e'xtendingbackward below the spool-case and the revolving hook, and has twoprojecting horns, l and l', which are fitted to enter recesses in thefront of the spool-ease-the one,

l, in its lower part, S, and the other, Z, in its upper part, S", asindicated in Fig. 4. A spring, l, draws the lever L, so las to keep thehorn Z engaged in the spool-case, except when said horn is disengaged,and the horn l is engaged by the action of a cam, C, tixed on the spindle A. rlhis ca in acts on a roller, c, mounted on a lever, GL', whichcarries another roller, r', that bears on the end ofthe lever L. Thelever 02, carrying these two rollers, is kept up by a counter-weight,ci, a little iu excess of their weight. By withdrawing slide t the leverL is withdrawn with the bracket that carries/it, and the face ot thespool-case being thus left exposed, the slide t can be withdrawn, andthe catch h can be released by pressing down the stud r, vwhereupon thehook-shell ll can be turned down on its hinge h, to rest on the stop hi,and the spool-ease consisting oli the two'parts S and S', and containingthe spool R, can then be laid into the hookshell lll, its rim s bearingagainst the front inwardly-turned edge olthehook-shell, as clearly shownin Fig. lo'. rlhc shell containing the spool-case can then be againturned up on its hinge and fastened by the latch4 h, the slides t.and 1. can be replaced, and the apparatus is ready for action in thefollowing manner: The needle N descends, its point entering some depthinto the tube i', and as -it begins to ascend a loop is -formed-ol' theneedle-thread. The point l( ot' the revolving hook enters this loop anddraws one limb thereof to one side, while theother limb of the loop iscaught on the point si oi' the equatorial rim s at the side ot' theneedle-hole. The hook, continuing to revolve, carries the loop oi' theneedle-thread round to the under side oi the spoolcase, one limb of: theloop-namely, that which extends lroln the hook s`i-passing behind thespool between it and the disk B, and t-he other limb sliding olli therounded face ot' the hook-shell ll, and passing along the front of thespool- IOO case till it reaches the horn l, when the hook 1li, havinglei-t this loop behind, enters another loop ot' the needle-thread. Atthis moment the cam C acts on the lever L so as to nieve the horn Z outof the lower recess ofthe spoolcase and the horn Z into the upperrecess, the one horn entering before the other is out, so that thespool-case is never left free to turn by both horns l and Z being out oftheir notches at the same time. The horn l, being thus moved a littleaway from the face of the spool-ease, allows the loop to pass, andbefore it reaches Z the cani C allows the spring I? to bring the lever Lback to the position shown in Fig. l, `with the horn l inserted and thehorn l clear of the spool-ease, so as to allow the threadloop topass it.The spool-case is made, as shown, with a considerable bulge ou its frontside, so as to occupy the expanded loop while it is being drawn up bythe action of the hook K in expanding the succeeding loop. Each loop isthus made to embrace within it the thread from the spool R, thus forminglockstitehes. The positions of the hook K on its shell H and of thebackward stop K are arranged to suit the movement of the needle, K beinga little clear of the needle as it d esceuds, and the base of the hookbein el ear of it when it ascends.

It will be understood that when it is necessary, for any purpose, toremove the spool- .ease from the hook-shell, the latter will be turneddown n its hinge, as shown in Fig. 16, when the spool-ease, with itsinelosed spool, can be readily lifted theref The disk ll has aprojecting annular` llange, F, which, over part of its eirci'unlerenee,bears against the shoulder el' the rim s ofthe spoolcase, keeping thesaid case in position, but which is in other parts cutaway incorrespondence with the hook-shell surrounding it, as shown in thedeveloped yicw, Fig. 9. A piece, F', instead of being made as part ofthe annu lar liange, F, is made as part of and solid with the inside ofthe hook-shell H, as indicated by the dotted lines F in Fig. S. so thatthere may be no slit at the point of the hook l( such as might catch andentangle the thread.

When it is desired to make chain-stitches,

` the spool R and its thread are dispensed with,

and a catch-hook is fixed to the under side of the slide t, as shown inFigs. 10, 1l, and 12, Fig. l0 bcingpart of atransv erse section taken online l? l of Fig. 12, which is apart plan with the plate t omitted, andFig. l1 being a part longitudinal section on line Q Q ol' Fig. l2. Thiscatch-hook D projects down, so as almost to touch the roundedfaee ofthehookshell Il', and it husa horizontal lip, D', projecting from itshinder side, to prevent the thread from passing over it.A The main hookK catchesthe loop ol" the noodlot-bread and carries it round under thespool-case, as al ready described; but,instead of the limb of the loopbeing allowed to slip`ofl'the rounded `l'aee of Ithe hook-shell Il, itisheld by the catchhook 'D until the part 'li' ol" the hook-shell comesround, and then the needle descends in front of the limb of the loop soheld, and consequently inside the loop, so that when the hook K returnsto form a succeeding loop it forms it inside the previous loop, which isthen drawn up, as described above, completing the chain-stitch. In orderto insure the action of the catch-hook D, Ijforru on part of the roundedface o'f the hook-shell H, near the inclined edge K', a projectingridge, K2, (see Fig. 4,) which has the effectof keeping the thread uponthe catch-hook` D until the said ridge has passed and the needledescends.

\Vhile the catch-hook l) is used as described, the spool lt, with ilsthread, can also be used, and thereby a stitch be produced which is acombination oi' lock-stitch and chain-stitch, each loop of the needle-thread engagi ug within it the shuttle-thread, as well as the nextsueeeeding loop ofthe needle-thread. The chainstiteh or the combinedlock and chain stitch may be produced, as above described, byeniploying, instead el the catch-hook D,which is iixed to the table, acatchhook, E, (shown 1u elevation at Fig. 13, and in plan, Fig. 14,)which is iixed to the upper part, S', of the spool-onse. .ly eniployingthe hook l'l and two spools within the spool-ease a compound stitch canbe formed in the `Following way: One ol" the spoollhreads is led in theusual direction to the l'ront side ol' the needle, the other is broughtround a guide-groove, c, sunk in the upper l'aee of the hook ld, so thatit has to lie on the rear side ol the needle. Thus as thechaiirstil'ches ure l'ormcd, they embrace within ihem the twosi'iool-threzuls, which appear symmetrically arranged in thechainstitches.

A twisted chainstiteli,which maybe termed ccable-stitch,"7 can .beproduced b vadding to the hook-shell lla back hook, li, projecting fromthe part li where the needle descends. This back hook, Ki, prevents thelimb of the loop of the needle-thread vl'rom sliding back along theinclined edge K' until after the descent of the needle, so that theneedle enters a twisted loop, which, when drawn up7 gives the appearanceof a cable to the chain. This action is rendered more certain by theshoulder s of a depression that is Vl'orined in the upper rear part olthe spool'case. Then the back hook.` K, is employed, the hook E (shownin Figs. 1t; and 14, is modiiied, as shown in Fig. l5, by making itwithout the part that projects downward at its outer end, and then 'withthe hook E, so modilied, acting in combination withthe back hook, li,and using two spool-threads, there is formed a twisted or cable chainwith the two spool-threiuls passing along it.

As the ridge s of the spool -ease is always between the turned-in partol" the hook-shell Ill, which bears on its sloping Airont side and theedge ol' the 'flange ol" the disk il, which bears against iis hinderlace, in order to provide for taking up l he wear ol" these rubbingparts and to jfireven't shake, lf prelcr to place within the hollow ol`the disk l a shell, i'i, having its flange bearing against the rim s of'the spoolease, this shell bei ng capable of being advanced a little, soas to take up the wear, by placing behind it, between it and the faceoi' the disk ll, athin packing of paper or other material. In order thatthe shell I) may always turn with the disk lf, it is held in position onsaid disk by steady-pins, such as o', leaving it free to advance, butnot to revolve, independently of B.

Having thus described 'my invention, what l claim is Iig l.. ln asewing-machine, the combination ol" a revolving hook having aninwardly-turned outer edge, a stationary spool-case having an equatorialrim adapted'to be engaged by the 5 inwardly-turned edge of the hook andprovided with recesses, a lever having horns adapted to enter saidrecesses, and means for operati ving said lever to bring said hornsalternately into engagement with said spool-case, subm stantially asdescribed.

2. The combination'ol' the disk l5, having a projecting flange, F, theannular hook-shell H, hinged to the said disk, and provided with a hook,l, a spool-ease having an equatorial rim, s, and means adapted to permitofthe passage of loops of needle-tlnead, for preventing` the rotation ofsaid spool'case with said hookshell and hook, substantially asdescribed.

3. rlhe combi nation ola revolving hook having an .il1wardly-tniznededge, aspool-case provided with an equatorial rim, s, adapted to engagesaid inward]y-turned edge, said'rim .having an undercut recess at onepart to forni a hook, s, and nleans for preventing the rotation oi' saidspool-case with said hook, substantially as describml.

l-. The combination`l of the revolving hook, the stationary spool-easehaving recesses, the

shaft A, the cani C, the lever ('52, having` roll- 3o ers c and c', andcounter-weight C, the lever L, having horns Z and Z', and the spring Z2,substantiall y as described.

5. The combination, with thedisk B and the revolving hook-shell and hookoperated thereby, of the stationary spoolcase having an equatorial rim,s, and the shell b, carried by lsaid disk and adjustable relatively tosaid rim,

substantially as described.

6. The combination of the disk B, the hookshell II, hinged thereto, anda spring-catch for 4o' holding said hook-shell in its operativeposition, substantially as described.

7. The combination, with a revolving hook and a stationary spool-casehaving a hookgsz, for dividing the loops of needlethread, of a 45stationary catch-hook adapted to' co-operate with said revolving hookand spool-case to prodiiee chain stitches, substantially as described.

S. The conibination,\vith the revolvnghook 5o and stationary speohease,of the slide t, the catcl1-hook D, secured thereto, and provided withthe horizontal lip D', substantially as described.

9. The combinatiomwith the revolvinghook- 5 5 shell H, having the hook Kand the projecting ridge K, of a stationary spool-ease, and a catchhookadapted to fao-operate with the rotating hook to produce chain-stitches,substantially described.

10. rlhe combination, with the revolving hook-shell H, having the hooksK and K3and' projecting ridge l?, ol' a stationary spool-case, and astationary catch-hook, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses, this 25th day of October, A. I).1883.

' HENRY GRELL'IER.

Witnesses.

-O Livin?. IMLRAY, HAROLD IMRAY.

